PENYAKIT PNEUMOKOKAL
Pneumonia pneumokokal ialah penyakit yang berjangkit dan berpotensi menyebabkan penyakit paru-paru bakteria yang serius1. Bakteria paling biasa yang menyebabkan pneumonia pneumokokal dinamakan Streptococcus pneumoniae2. Apabila bakteria tersebut memasuki paru-paru, ia boleh menyebabkan sebahagian daripada alveoli (kantung udara di dalam paru-paru) merandang dan penuh dengan lendir. Inilah yang menyebabkan gejala pneumonia pneumokokal seperti sakit dada, batuk, dan kesukaran bernafas2.
Pneumonia pneumokokal boleh mengganggu rutin harian anda selama beberapa minggu3. Dalam kes yang serius, ia memerlukan kemasukan hospital dan boleh mengancam nyawa1.
MENINGOCOCCAL MENINGITIS
Meningococcal meningitis is an infectious, potentially serious bacterial disease. It is caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis, also known as meningococcus³. When the bacteria infect the protective membranes around the brain and spinal cord, they can cause inflammation. This may lead to symptoms such as fever, headache, stiff neck, nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light, confusion, or a rash⁴.
Meningococcal meningitis can progress quickly, with symptoms that may worsen within 24 to 48 hours⁵. In some cases, it can lead to serious outcomes, making it important to recognise symptoms early and seek medical advice when symptoms appear or become concerning⁴.
RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS (RSV)
Respiratory syncytial virus, or RSV, is a common respiratory virus that infects the lungs and breathing passages⁶. Its symptoms may resemble a common cold, including a runny or stuffy nose, cough, sneezing, fever, wheezing, or reduced appetite, which can make RSV less obvious in the early stages⁷.
RSV can affect people of all ages, but it may be more serious for babies under 6 months old and older adults aged 60 years and above. For these age groups, a cold-like illness may require closer attention, especially when symptoms involve changes in breathing or appetite⁶⁻⁸.
References
- Prevent Pneumonia. About Pneumonia. Overview. Last accessed: 14 April 2022. Retrieved from: https://www.preventpneumonia.com.my/about-pneumonia/
- Prevent Pneumonia. About Pneumonia. Causes. Last accessed: 14 April 2022. Retrieved from: https://www.preventpneumonia.com.my/about-pneumonia/
- Prevent Pneumonia. About Pneumonia. Severity. Last accessed: 14 April 2022. Retrieved from: https://www.preventpneumonia.com.my/about-pneumonia/
- Florida Health. Infants & Children. Last accessed: 14 April 2022. Retrieved from: https://www.thepowertoprotect.org/children/infants-children/
- Prevent Pneumonia. Am I At Risk. Last accessed: 14 April 2022. Retrieved from: https://www.preventpneumonia.com.my/am-i-at-risk/
- CodeBlue. Travel Agencies Want Pneumococcal Vaccines For Hajj, Umrah Pilgrims. Last accessed: 14 April 2022. Retrieved from: https://codeblue.galencentre.org/2021/11/17/travel-agencies-want-pneumococcal-vaccines-for-hajj-umrah-pilgrims/
- Oregon Health Authority. Adult Immunization. Reduce the occurrence of vaccine-preventable diseases. Last accessed: 14 April 2022. Retrieved from: https://www.oregon.gov/oha/ph/preventionwellness/vaccinesimmunization/gettingimmunized/pages/adults.aspx
- CodeBlue. Why The Elderly Should Get Pneumococcal Vaccine. Last accessed: 14 April 2022. Retrieved from: https://codeblue.galencentre.org/2021/05/21/why-the-elderly-should-get-pneumococcal-vaccine/
- Prevent Pneumonia. What Can I Do? Last accessed: 14 April 2022. Retrieved from: https://www.preventpneumonia.com.my/what-can-i-do/
